Following from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=tyrilla&id=I2797

Samuel is found in the 1850 census living in Stark County, Illinois. He is 16.
He is listed in the History of Stark County as a member of the 3rd Calvary, Company C, consolidated calvary as a private. This troop was lead by Colonel Eugen A. Carr and was mustered in 21 September 1861 at Camp Butler with 2,183 men.
Samuel is found in the 1870 Iowa census, Decatur county, High Point township. He is age 36 and born in Ohio. He is a farmer with $480 in real estate and $292 in personal property. He is married to Lucinda age 26 and born in Pennsylvania. At home are Joseph Smith age 6 and born in Pennsylvania and Kimpel Aten age 1 and born in Illinois.
Samuel Aten is found in the 1880 Iowa census, Decatur county, High Point township. He is age 47, a farmer born in Ohio as were his parents. He is married to Lucinda, age 36 and born in Pennsylvania as were her parents. At home are Kimpie age 11, born in Illinois, Eddie age 3, and Laura age 2 months, both born in Iowa and Joseph Smith, other, age 16 and born in Pennsylvania. He and Kimpie are working on the farm.
Lucinda Aten is found in the 1900 Iowa census, Decatur county, High Point township. She was born August 1844 and is a widow age 55, born in Pennsylvania as were her parents. She had 6 children, 4 living. At home are Edward H. born November 1876, age 23, a farmer, Laura C. born May 1880, age 20, Eva A. born December 1883, age 16, all born in Iowa and a niece Grace W. born September 1876, age 223, born in Illinois. Aaron K. Aten Jr. is in the military in the Phillipines. There are Zook families close by.
Lucinda Aten is found in the 1910 Iowa census, Decatur county, Garden Grove. She is age 65, a widow who had 6 children, 4 living. She was born in Pennsylvania as were her parents. She had been married once. At home is daughter Laura, age 30 and born in Iowa, an assistant cashier in a bank.
Lucinda Aten is found in the 1920 Iowa census, Decatur county, Garden Grove. She is a widow, age 75 and born in Pennsylvania as were her parents. She lives alone.
He married Lucinda Zook 7 November 1867 in Woodford county, Illinois. She was born 3 August 1844. Samuel's middle name may be Hall. He bought railroad property in Illinois in 1869 & 1872. He had a son Edward hall Aten born 11 November 1876.
He is buried with Lucinda, her grave had no dates when the WPA read the cemetery. Samuel's grave states, Co. C 3rd Ill. Cav. Civil war.
* _REA:
1870 ATEN SAMUEL Decatur County IA 315 High Point Township Federal Population Schedule IA 1870 Federal Census Index IA01811004
Samuel H Aten Claimed Residence in West Jersey Enlist Date Enlist Place Enlist Rank Enlist Age
21 February 1864 Priv Served Illinois  Enlisted A Co. 3rd Cav Reg. IL Mustered Out at Springfield, IL on 10 October 1865Transferred on 25 August 1864from Company A to Company C     
Application Date: 07 June 1892 Relationship: Self Number: 1115150 State: IN
30 April 1905 Relationship: Widow Name: Lucinda Aten Number: 891065 State: IA